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Health library

Know it early. Prevent it well.

Plain-language guides to 30 conditions we see most often — tap any card to read the full symptoms, prevention and care guide. This library is educational and does not replace an in-person diagnosis.

Communicable

Malaria

Caused by a parasite spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Common in Uganda year-round, with peaks in the rainy seasons.

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Communicable

Typhoid Fever

A bacterial infection spread through contaminated food or water, common where sanitation is inconsistent.

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Communicable

HIV / AIDS

A virus that weakens the immune system over time. With early testing and treatment, people living with HIV can lead long, healthy lives.

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Communicable

Tuberculosis (TB)

A bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs.

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Communicable

Cholera

An acute diarrhoeal infection from contaminated water or food, capable of causing severe dehydration within hours.

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Communicable

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

A bacterial infection anywhere along the urinary tract — more common in women, but affects all ages.

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Communicable

Respiratory Tract Infections

Coughs, colds, flu and pneumonia — infections of the airways ranging from mild to serious, especially in young children and the elderly.

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Communicable

Hepatitis B

A viral infection that attacks the liver, spread through blood or bodily fluids — preventable through vaccination.

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Communicable

Common Cold & Flu

Viral infections of the nose and throat, spread easily through coughs, sneezes and contaminated surfaces.

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Communicable

Skin Infections (Ringworm & Scabies)

Fungal and parasitic skin conditions that spread through close contact or shared clothing and bedding — common, and treatable.

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Communicable

Intestinal Worms

Parasitic worms picked up through contaminated soil, water or food — very common in children, and simple to treat.

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Communicable

Eye Infections (Conjunctivitis)

Inflammation or infection of the eye's surface, often called "pink eye" — usually mild and treatable, but spreads easily.

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Non-communicable

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Often called the "silent" condition because it usually has no symptoms — yet it quietly raises the risk of stroke and heart disease.

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Non-communicable

Diabetes (Type 2)

A condition where the body struggles to regulate blood sugar — manageable with the right combination of lifestyle change and medication.

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Non-communicable

Asthma

A chronic condition that narrows and inflames the airways, causing episodes of wheezing, coughing and breathlessness.

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Non-communicable

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Painful sores in the stomach or upper intestine lining, often linked to infection or long-term use of certain painkillers.

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Non-communicable

Obesity & Overweight

Excess body weight that raises the long-term risk of diabetes, hypertension and joint problems — often reversible with sustained changes.

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Non-communicable

Arthritis & Joint Pain

Inflammation or wear in the joints causing pain and stiffness — ranges from manageable to significantly limiting without care.

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Non-communicable

Stroke

A sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain — a medical emergency where every minute of delay matters.

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Non-communicable

Migraine & Chronic Headaches

Recurring headaches, sometimes severe and accompanied by nausea or light sensitivity — often manageable once triggers are identified.

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Maternal & Child

Anaemia in Pregnancy

Low red blood cell count during pregnancy, often from iron deficiency — common, and manageable when caught early.

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Maternal & Child

Malnutrition in Children

Inadequate nutrition during early childhood, which can affect growth and development if not addressed early.

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Maternal & Child

Neonatal Jaundice

A yellowing of a newborn's skin and eyes, common in the first week of life and usually mild — but worth monitoring closely.

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Maternal & Child

Diarrhoea in Children

A common childhood illness, usually mild — but the main danger is dehydration, which can develop quickly in young children.

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Maternal & Child

Common Childhood Fevers

Fever is one of the most common reasons children are brought in — usually a sign the body is fighting an infection.

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Oral Health

Dental Caries (Cavities)

Tooth decay caused by acid-producing bacteria in plaque — reversible when caught early, painful and costly when ignored.

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Oral Health

Gum Disease (Gingivitis & Periodontitis)

Inflammation of the gums caused by plaque build-up — mild and reversible at first, but can progress to affect the bone supporting teeth.

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Oral Health

Bad Breath (Halitosis)

Persistent bad breath is usually caused by bacteria in the mouth, though it can also point to gum disease, decay, or other conditions.

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Oral Health

Mouth Ulcers

Small, painful sores inside the mouth — usually harmless and short-lived, though frequent ulcers are worth checking.

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Oral Health

Tooth Sensitivity

A sharp, brief pain triggered by hot, cold or sweet foods — common, and usually a sign of worn enamel or gum recession.

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